Fruits and seeds

Traps in Fruits and seeds

• Misclassifies fruits, seeds or dispersal methods
  True fruit: from the ovary only (mango, tomato). False fruit: other parts too, e.g. receptacle (apple, cashew apple). Dispersal follows structure: wings/hairs → wind, hooks → animals, fleshy → eaten, explosive pods → self.
• Gives the job of a neighbouring structure or stage
  Learn structures as pairs of 'name → one job' and contrast neighbours: ribosome makes protein, mitochondrion releases energy; cochlea hears, semicircular canals balance. When two options sit in the same organ or process, ask which one does exactly the job in the stem.
• Takes one contributing factor as the whole answer
  Watch for 'only', 'just', 'mainly'. Ask: is this the MAIN reason, or one contributor? If it would need other things to work (plasma proteins need platelets), it is incomplete.
• Uses an everyday idea instead of the biology
  Translate everyday words into the textbook definition before choosing. If the only reason an option attracts you is its name or looks, test it against the definition in the stem.